Technical parameters and structure of the 470MHz antenna!

　　Technical parameters and structure of the 470MHz antenna!

　　The 470MHz antenna is a wireless communication antenna specifically designed for the ultra-high frequency (UHF) 470MHz band. It is widely used in various fields such as the Internet of Things (e.g., smart water meters, remote monitoring), intercom systems, LoRa modules, and industrial wireless data transmission. Its features include vertical polarization, omnidirectional radiation, or directional high gain (e.g., fiberglass antennas can achieve a gain of 4.5-7dBi). It supports 50Ω impedance and typically has a standing wave ratio (SWR) of ≤1.5-2.0. Common types include fiberglass antennas, suction cup antennas (such as KH808-5 with magnetic suction design), PCB-embedded antennas (such as FPC antennas), and compact spring antennas (such as TCTH4702) with an efficiency of 25%. These antennas are designed to meet various scenarios, such as outdoor long-distance communication or built-in integration into devices.

　　1. Operating principle of 470MHz antenna

　　The 470MHz antenna is a device specifically designed for receiving and transmitting electromagnetic waves in the 470MHz frequency band. Its core functionality relies on the phenomena of reflection, refraction, and transmission of electromagnetic waves. This frequency band falls between VHF (Very High Frequency) and UHF (Ultra High Frequency), boasting a medium transmission range (typically covering several kilometers to tens of kilometers) and strong penetration capabilities, making it particularly suitable for urban environments and mixed indoor-outdoor scenarios.

　　II. Main Technical Parameters

　　The performance specifications of 470MHz antennas vary depending on specific models and design differences. The following are typical parameter ranges and technical details:

　　Frequency range: Typically covering 470-860MHz, with some products supporting narrower bandwidths (such as 433-510MHz) to meet different application needs.

　　Gain: The gain range is between 2.5-10dBi. High-gain models (such as fiberglass antennas) can reach up to 6dBi, making them suitable for long-distance communication; low-gain designs (such as PCB antennas) prioritize miniaturization and cost control.

　　Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR): Generally ≤1.5-2.0. A low VSWR indicates good matching between the antenna and the transmission line, which can reduce signal reflection loss.

　　Polarization mode: Mostly vertical polarization, ensuring stable signal transmission in the vertical direction, suitable for terrestrial communication scenarios.

　　Power capacity: Typically ranging from 10-50W, high-power models (such as industrial-grade fiberglass antennas) support 50W input and are suitable for base stations or remote monitoring equipment.

　　Mechanical parameters: Dimensions: Rubber rod antenna length: 90-150mm; fiberglass antenna length: up to 1250mm.

　　Weather resistance: Operating temperature range from -40℃ to +70℃, wind resistance up to 60m/s, and some products are designed with waterproofing.

　　Connector: Commonly used F-type, SMA, and N-type interfaces, with some suction cup antennas supporting flexible installation methods such as magnetic attraction and adhesive bonding.

　　The performance of a 470MHz antenna is closely related to its material and structure. Common designs include:

　　Fiberglass antenna:

　　Material: fiberglass shell + all-copper vibrator, balancing lightweight and corrosion resistance.

　　Structure: Equipped with an internal RF coaxial cable directly connected to an N-type connector, the signal is maintained in straight transmission through the vibrator base, with a reflection surface accuracy of ≤0.6mm, ensuring high gain.

　　Suction cup antenna:

　　The bottom features a magnet and a grounded metal, supporting both in-vehicle and temporary installation; the cable can be customized with low-loss coaxial cables such as RG178, with lengths ranging from 5-50cm.

　　Anti-collision treatment and all-copper wire design enhance elasticity and durability.

　　PCB antenna:

　　Utilizing a printed circuit board (PCB) microstrip design, it boasts dimensions of merely 73×17×0.2mm, making it ideal for embedded devices such as smart home sensors.

　　Low cost and easy mass production, but with low power capacity (usually ≤10W).

　　Spring antenna:

　　The material is primarily phosphorus copper or nickel-plated copper, achieving omnidirectional radiation through a spiral structure. It is commonly found in portable devices such as wireless remote controls.

　　The frequency characteristics are precisely controlled by adjusting the coil length and diameter, supporting multi-band adaptation from 315MHz to 2.4GHz.