ISO 45001 5G Antenna

　　1. ISO 45001-certified Occupational Health and Safety Management System

　　5G antenna companies that have achieved ISO 45001 certification must establish a comprehensive occupational health and safety management system, focusing on "high-frequency scenario protection," "precision process safety," and "base station installation risk avoidance." This system is tailored to specific processes such as millimeter-wave antenna vibrator processing, Massive MIMO array welding, and outdoor base station deployment. Specifically, it includes:

　　Production Scenario Safety Management

　　Specialized protective measures are implemented for the core 5G antenna production processes (millimeter-wave vibrator precision cutting, multi-port feed network welding, high-frequency signal debugging, and base station antenna assembly). The millimeter-wave vibrator cutting process (with an accuracy of 0.1mm) is equipped with fully automatic dust-proof cutting equipment (dust collection efficiency ≥ 98%). Operators must wear anti-static dust-proof clothing and scratch-resistant gloves to prevent dust inhalation and metal debris scratches. Array welding (multi-port simultaneous welding) is equipped with a high-efficiency fume exhaust system (wind speed ≥ 0.8m/s) and a welding fume purifier (filtration efficiency ≥ 95%) to prevent the concentrated dust hazards of multiple workstations. High-frequency debugging (millimeter wave band) stations are equipped with electromagnetic radiation shielding covers (shielding effectiveness ≥ 60dB), and operators wear electromagnetic radiation monitoring bracelets (real-time display of radiation values and alarms when thresholds are exceeded). Radiation safety zones (≥ 1.5 meters from the equipment) are also designated and posted with warning signs. Base station antenna assembly (heavy array) is equipped with a hydraulic lifting platform (load capacity ≥ 50kg) to prevent back strain caused by manual lifting. The assembly area is equipped with a non-slip floor (friction coefficient ≥ 0.7).

　　Personnel Health Protection Mechanism

　　Establishing differentiated health management for specific positions: Personnel engaged in high-frequency commissioning undergo quarterly electromagnetic radiation exposure testing (to ensure compliance with the electromagnetic environment control limits set out in GB 8702-2014) and annual vision and neurological health checks. Precision welding personnel (such as those working on multiple ports) implement a "1.5-hour rotation + 15-minute viewing" system, with work areas equipped with blue-light-blocking desk lamps (350-500 lux illumination) to reduce visual fatigue. Outdoor base station installers (5G base stations are often deployed on high-rise buildings and tower tops) undergo quarterly height-work adaptability assessments. They are issued cooling vests (providing a four-hour continuous cooling effect) in the summer and windproof and warm workwear in the winter. They are also equipped with height-work emergency rescue kits (including descenders and first aid medications). Regular safety training (at least eight times per year) covers high-frequency electromagnetic radiation protection, height-work emergency rescue (such as fall mitigation), and base station lightning protection and grounding procedures to ensure personnel master safety skills specific to 5G scenarios.

　　Safety and Compliance Throughout the Supply Chain

　　For the handling of raw materials (millimeter-wave substrates and multi-port RF connectors), anti-static sealed turnover boxes are used (substrates are individually secured to prevent collision damage). The weight of each load must be ≤20kg (to prevent muscle strain), and the stacking height must not exceed 1.2 meters (to prevent tipping and falling). Finished product storage areas are divided into "high-frequency/normal" zones. Millimeter-wave antennas (which are sensitive to temperature and humidity) are stored at a temperature of 18°C-22°C and a humidity of ≤55%. Dual temperature, humidity, and electromagnetic radiation monitoring alarms are installed. During transportation, heavy-duty 5G antennas for macro base stations (weighing ≥20kg) are secured to steel frames and wrapped in shock-absorbing cotton (with a shockproof rating of ≥50G). Electromagnetic radiation warning signs and loading and unloading manuals are provided on all vehicles, clearly stating the requirement for "two people and lifting equipment to work together" to avoid safety hazards caused by overloading or equipment collisions caused by a single person.

　　II. Key Points Related to 5G Antenna Core Technical Parameters and Safety

　　(I) Key Electrical Performance Indicators (Bidirectional Adaptation of Technology and Safety)

　　5G antenna electrical performance must comply with 5G communication standards. Parameter design directly reduces operational and operational risks: Beamforming accuracy (horizontal deviation ≤ 1°, vertical deviation ≤ 0.5°) – high precision reduces the number of outdoor base station commissioning times (shortening overhead work time and reducing fall risks); millimeter wave band (26GHz/28GHz) antennas must meet electromagnetic radiation limits (near-field radiation power density ≤ 5mW/cm², in compliance with GB 8702) to avoid radiation hazards to personnel during commissioning and use; power consumption control must be adapted to the scenario, with antennas for handheld devices ≤ 3W (battery life ≥ 8 hours). Hours), vehicle antennas ≤8W, base station antennas ≤50W, preventing excessive heating (preventing burns or circuit damage). Anti-interference capabilities (supporting multi-band anti-interference filtering) suppress signal drift caused by complex electromagnetic environments in urban areas, reducing repeated debugging due to equipment errors (reducing outdoor work intensity and alleviating joint strain). A unified 50Ω input impedance matches 5G terminal/base station interfaces, preventing abnormal device discharge caused by impedance mismatch (avoiding the risk of electric shock).

　　(II) Safety Adaptation of Mechanical and Environmental Characteristics

　　For 5G antennas in different application scenarios, the mechanical and environmental design must prioritize personnel safety while also taking into account the high-frequency characteristics of 5G. Antennas for handheld devices (such as mobile phones and AR/VR devices) feature an ultra-thin and lightweight design (thickness ≤ 2mm, weight ≤ 15g), with a housing made of flexible explosion-proof material (drop resistance ≥ 1.5 meters) to prevent injuries from falling debris. Vehicle-mounted 5G antennas are equipped with reinforced shock-absorbing brackets (compatible with 10Hz-2000Hz frequency band, vibration acceleration ≤ 15g), and high-temperature cushions (resistant to -40°C to +95°C) are installed at fixed points to prevent injuries from falling antennas during sudden braking or high-temperature environments. Cable interfaces also feature electromagnetic shielding (shielding effectiveness ≥ 50dB) to prevent high-frequency signals from interfering with vehicle circuits and potentially causing safety hazards. Base station-type 5G antennas (macro/micro base stations) feature a housing made of high-strength aluminum alloy. Electromagnetic shielding coating (shielding effectiveness ≥ 60dB) with an IP68 protection rating (protected against heavy rain and dust). A lightning protection grounding connection (grounding resistance ≤ 4Ω) is provided on the bottom to mitigate the risk of lightning strikes during thunderstorms. The macro base station antenna features an integrated hoisting structure (capable of supporting ≥ 5 times the antenna weight) suitable for installation using aerial work platforms (reducing manual climbing). Micro base station antennas utilize a "no-climbing" wall-mounted design (≤ 3 meters), eliminating the need for high-altitude work.

　　III. Mainstream Product Types and Safety Application Scenarios

　　5G antennas can be divided into three categories based on their application scenarios. Each type's design must fully comply with ISO 45001 safety requirements, achieving "synergy between high-frequency functionality and safety protection":

　　5G Antennas for Handheld Devices

　　For use in smartphones, AR/VR devices, and portable hotspots, these antennas must be ultra-thin and lightweight (thickness ≤ 2mm, weight ≤ 15g), flexible and bendable (bend radius ≥ 5mm), and free of sharp edges (edge chamfer ≥ 0.5mm). They must also feature an internal design (no exposed metal interfaces) to minimize the risk of radiation exposure to high-frequency components. Cables, if used, must be made of a strain-resistant material (tensile strength ≥ 10N) and feature anti-bend treatment on the connectors (break-resistant ≥ 10,000 times) to reduce the risk of scratches from frequent replacement.

　　In-Vehicle 5G Antenna

　　Compatible with vehicle-to-everything (V2X) and autonomous driving terminals, it features "drill-free" strong adhesive installation (3M adhesive strength ≥ 80N) to prevent scratches from metal debris during drilling. The housing is made of flame-retardant ABS (flame retardant grade V0) to prevent the antenna from contributing to a vehicle fire. It also features a built-in electromagnetic radiation shielding layer (shielding effectiveness ≥ 50dB) to prevent 5G high-frequency signals from interfering with onboard electronic systems (such as braking and steering circuits). It also includes overvoltage protection (compatible with 12V/24V vehicle power supplies) to prevent circuit overloads and accidents.

　　Base Station 5G Antennas

　　For use in macro base stations (wide-area coverage) and micro base stations (indoor/urban blind spot coverage). Macro base station antennas require a removable lightning shield (installation without tools) and an automatic locking safety buckle at the bottom (to prevent loosening after installation). They must be installed at a height of ≤2 meters (compatible with conventional aerial work platforms). External cables are made of UV- and corrosion-resistant materials (weatherproof for ≥8 years) to reduce breakage and aging in outdoor environments (reducing the need for maintenance personnel). Micro base station antennas feature a compact design (weighing ≤5kg) and can be wall-mounted (height ≤3 meters), eliminating the need for aerial work equipment. They also come with an electromagnetic radiation warning sticker (recommended a safe distance of ≥0.5 meters) to prevent close exposure to high-frequency radiation.

　　IV. Key Selection Recommendations (Including ISO 45001 Safety Verification)

　　Technology and Safety Dual-Dimensional Matching

　　For handheld applications, prioritize ultra-thin and lightweight (thickness ≤ 2mm), built-in, low-radiation antennas (near-field power density ≤ 5mW/cm²) to reduce radiation and assembly risks. For in-vehicle applications, verify shockproofing (≥15g), adhesive strength (≥80N), and flame retardancy (V0) to avoid safety hazards caused by vehicle operating conditions. For base station applications, focus on electromagnetic radiation compliance (compliant with GB 8702), lightning protection grounding design (grounding resistance ≤ 4Ω), and hoisting load capacity (≥5 times the weight) to ensure compliance with high-altitude operations and high-frequency protection regulations.

　　ISO 45001 Qualification Verification

　　When selecting a product, confirm that the supplier holds ISO 45001 certification and require production safety management records (such as high-frequency electromagnetic radiation test reports and welding fume purification efficiency reports). If custom base station antennas are required, the supplier must also submit a base station installation safety plan (including high-altitude work procedures and electromagnetic radiation protection measures) to ensure the entire process is free of occupational health risks.

　　Installation and Usage Safety Tips

　　Base station antenna installation must be performed by personnel holding a high-altitude work permit and electromagnetic radiation testing qualifications. Personnel must wear a double-hook safety harness and insulating gloves. Before installation, check the electromagnetic radiation level in the work area (to ensure ≤5mW/cm²) and strictly follow the "ground first, then power on" procedure. When using handheld devices, avoid holding them close to the head for extended periods (maintain a distance of ≥10cm) to reduce radiation exposure. After attaching the vehicle-mounted antenna, allow it to rest for 48 hours to ensure a secure bond. Check the adhesive surface and cable integrity every three months to prevent it from falling off during high-speed driving.