50 Ohm 1.13 mm coaxial cable

　　50 Ohm 1.13 mm Coaxial Cable: A Precision Transmission Solution

　　In the intricate world of electrical and RF (Radio Frequency) signal transmission, the 50 Ohm 1.13 mm coaxial cable emerges as a high - performance choice, particularly well - suited for applications where precision, low loss, and compactness are crucial. This type of coaxial cable is designed to meet the demanding requirements of various industries, from telecommunications and aerospace to medical devices and test equipment.

　　Physical Structure and Design

　　Inner Conductor

　　The 1.13 mm coaxial cable typically features a high - quality inner conductor. Often made of stranded copper or copper - alloy wires, the inner conductor is responsible for carrying the electrical signal. The choice of stranded construction over solid wire provides greater flexibility, which is beneficial in applications where the cable may need to be bent or routed in tight spaces. For instance, in miniature electronic devices or within complex wiring harnesses in aircraft, the flexibility of the stranded inner conductor ensures ease of installation without compromising signal integrity. The conductor may also be silver - plated. Silver has excellent electrical conductivity, which helps in reducing resistance and minimizing signal attenuation over the length of the cable. This is especially important for long - distance signal transmission or in applications where the received signal strength needs to be maintained at a high level.

　　Dielectric Material

　　Sandwiched between the inner and outer conductors is the dielectric material. In a 50 Ohm 1.13 mm coaxial cable, materials such as polyethylene (PE), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or perfluoroalkoxy (PFA) are commonly used. These dielectric materials are chosen for their low dielectric constant and low dissipation factor. A low dielectric constant ensures that the electrical signal travels through the cable with minimal distortion, while a low dissipation factor means that there is less energy loss in the form of heat as the signal propagates. PTFE and PFA, in particular, offer excellent chemical resistance and can withstand a wide range of temperatures, making them suitable for both indoor and outdoor applications, as well as in harsh industrial environments.

　　Outer Conductor

　　The outer conductor of the coaxial cable serves two critical functions: it provides a return path for the electrical current and acts as a shield against electromagnetic interference (EMI). In a 1.13 mm cable, the outer conductor is usually made of braided copper or a combination of braided and foil shielding. Braided copper offers good flexibility and mechanical strength, ensuring that the cable can withstand repeated bending and handling without losing its shielding effectiveness. The additional foil shielding layer, if present, further enhances the cable's ability to block external EMI. This is essential in applications where the cable may be exposed to strong electromagnetic fields, such as near power lines, in industrial settings with large motors, or in the vicinity of other wireless communication devices.

　　Outer Sheath

　　The outermost layer of the 50 Ohm 1.13 mm coaxial cable is the outer sheath. This sheath is typically made of materials like polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyurethane (PU), or PTFE. PVC is a cost - effective option and provides basic protection against abrasion and moisture. PU, on the other hand, offers better flexibility and durability, making it suitable for applications where the cable may be subject to more rigorous handling. PTFE sheaths, similar to the dielectric material, provide excellent chemical resistance and can operate in high - temperature environments. The outer sheath not only protects the internal components of the cable from physical damage but also helps in maintaining the cable's overall integrity and performance over its lifespan.

　　Electrical Characteristics

　　Impedance

　　The 50 Ohm impedance of this coaxial cable is a carefully designed and critical parameter. Impedance in a coaxial cable is determined by the ratio of the characteristic impedance of the inner conductor to the outer conductor, as well as the properties of the dielectric material in between. A 50 Ohm impedance is widely adopted in many RF and high - speed digital applications because it represents a good compromise between power handling capacity and signal transmission efficiency. In RF applications, such as in GPS L1 antenna systems, a 50 Ohm impedance ensures efficient transfer of power from the transmitter to the antenna and vice versa. When the impedance of the cable matches the impedance of the connected devices (such as an antenna or a receiver), there is minimal signal reflection. Signal reflection can lead to a loss of signal strength, distortion, and reduced overall system performance. For example, in a GPS receiver system, if the impedance of the coaxial cable connecting the antenna to the receiver is not properly matched to 50 Ohms, the weak GPS signals received by the antenna may not be efficiently transferred to the receiver, resulting in inaccurate positioning data.

　　Attenuation

　　Attenuation refers to the reduction in signal strength as the electrical signal travels along the length of the coaxial cable. The 1.13 mm coaxial cable is engineered to have low attenuation, especially at the frequencies relevant to its intended applications. The attenuation characteristics of the cable are influenced by several factors, including the conductivity of the inner and outer conductors, the quality of the dielectric material, and the frequency of the signal being transmitted. At lower frequencies, the attenuation is mainly due to the resistance of the conductors. As the frequency increases, the skin effect becomes more pronounced, where the current tends to flow closer to the surface of the conductors, increasing the effective resistance and thus the attenuation. In addition, the dielectric losses also contribute to attenuation at higher frequencies. For a 50 Ohm 1.13 mm coaxial cable, manufacturers strive to minimize these losses through the use of high - quality materials and precise manufacturing processes. In applications such as high - speed data transmission in telecommunications networks or in high - frequency test and measurement equipment, low attenuation is crucial to ensure that the signal can be transmitted over long distances without significant degradation.

　　Capacitance and Inductance

　　The coaxial cable also has inherent capacitance and inductance values. Capacitance exists between the inner and outer conductors, and inductance is associated with the current flow through the conductors. These values are carefully controlled during the cable design process. The capacitance per unit length of the 1.13 mm coaxial cable is relatively low, which helps in reducing the charging and discharging times of the cable and minimizing signal distortion. Inductance, on the other hand, is designed to be such that it complements the capacitance to achieve the desired 50 Ohm impedance. The combination of capacitance and inductance also affects the cable's ability to transmit high - frequency signals. In high - speed digital applications, where the signals change rapidly, the cable's capacitance and inductance can cause signal reflections and interference if not properly matched. Therefore, in applications like connecting high - speed serial interfaces in computers or in high - definition video transmission, the capacitance and inductance characteristics of the 50 Ohm 1.13 mm coaxial cable need to be precisely tuned to ensure reliable signal transmission.

　　Applications

　　Telecommunications

　　In the telecommunications industry, the 50 Ohm 1.13 mm coaxial cable finds extensive use in both mobile and fixed - line networks. In mobile base stations, it is used to connect the antennas to the radio frequency units. The cable's low attenuation and excellent shielding properties ensure that the high - power RF signals transmitted from the base station to the antenna, and the weak signals received from the mobile devices by the antenna, are efficiently transferred without being affected by external interference. This is crucial for maintaining high - quality voice and data communication in areas with high user density. In fixed - line networks, such as cable television (CATV) systems, the coaxial cable is used to transmit high - frequency signals over long distances. The 50 Ohm impedance of the cable allows for seamless integration with other components in the CATV network, such as amplifiers and set - top boxes, ensuring that the video and audio signals are delivered to the end - users with minimal loss of quality.

　　Aerospace and Defense

　　The aerospace and defense sectors have stringent requirements for reliability, durability, and performance in their electronic systems. The 50 Ohm 1.13 mm coaxial cable meets these requirements admirably. In aircraft, it is used in various avionics systems, including GPS navigation, communication, and radar systems. The cable's compact size and flexibility make it easy to route through the tight spaces in an aircraft's fuselage, while its high - temperature resistance and excellent shielding properties ensure reliable operation in the harsh environment of flight. In defense applications, such as in military communication systems and missile guidance systems, the cable's ability to withstand extreme conditions, including vibration, shock, and electromagnetic warfare, is essential. The 50 Ohm impedance ensures efficient power transfer and signal transmission, which is critical for the accurate functioning of these mission - critical systems.

　　Medical Devices

　　In the medical field, coaxial cables are used in a variety of devices, and the 50 Ohm 1.13 mm cable is no exception. In medical imaging equipment, such as MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) and CT (Computed Tomography) scanners, the cable is used to transmit high - frequency signals between different components. The cable's low attenuation and high - quality shielding are crucial to prevent interference that could affect the accuracy of the imaging data. In addition, in devices like electrocardiogram (ECG) and electroencephalogram (EEG) machines, the coaxial cable is used to connect the sensors to the data acquisition units. The cable's flexibility and reliability ensure that the sensitive electrical signals from the human body can be accurately transmitted and analyzed, enabling doctors to make accurate diagnoses.

　　Test and Measurement Equipment

　　Test and measurement equipment, such as oscilloscopes, network analyzers, and signal generators, require high - quality coaxial cables to ensure accurate and reliable measurements. The 50 Ohm 1.13 mm coaxial cable is often used in these applications because of its precise impedance characteristics and low attenuation. When measuring high - frequency signals or small - signal amplitudes, any deviation in the cable's impedance or excessive attenuation can lead to inaccurate measurement results. For example, in a network analyzer used to measure the performance of a wireless communication antenna, the coaxial cable connecting the analyzer to the antenna must have a stable 50 Ohm impedance to provide accurate readings of the antenna's return loss, gain, and other parameters. The cable's ability to minimize signal distortion and interference also ensures that the test equipment can accurately capture and analyze the signals under test.

　　In conclusion, the 50 Ohm 1.13 mm coaxial cable is a versatile and high - performance transmission medium that plays a vital role in a wide range of industries. Its carefully engineered physical structure, precise electrical characteristics, and suitability for diverse applications make it an essential component in modern electronic systems. Whether it's enabling seamless communication in telecommunications networks, ensuring accurate navigation in aerospace applications, supporting reliable medical diagnoses, or facilitating precise measurements in test and measurement equipment, this coaxial cable continues to prove its worth in the ever - evolving world of technology.